Analog Bench

Nothing is drawn. Everything is computed.

You are not matching a picture. Every wire carries a real current and every part has a real rating, so a lamp lights because the circuit you built drives it. Push a resistor too hard and it overheats; wire a diode backwards and nothing happens, exactly as on a real bench.

From one LED to a motor driver

You start with a battery, a resistor and an LED. Fifty-five levels later you have built:

• Dividers, bridges and heaters, and learned why a resistor has a power rating.
• RC timing and filters: debounce, PWM to DC, a resonant tank, a notch.
• Diodes and transistors: rectifiers, a zener reference, MOSFET switches, a current mirror.
• Op-amps: a comparator, amplifiers, an integrator, a Schmitt trigger, an oscillator.
• Practical circuits: a regulator, an LED driver, a motor driver, an audio preamp.

Every level teaches first

Each level opens with a short brief: why the circuit matters, the one idea you need, the one formula. A Learn page goes deeper with a worked example and bench tips. Hints come one at a time when you ask, and a glossary explains every term right where it appears.

Real instruments, real numbers

A scope with up to four probes reads peak-to-peak, average and frequency. A multimeter reads volts with red and black leads and amps on any wire. A parts page carries datasheet numbers, so a 1N4148 behaves like a 1N4148. Goals are measurements, and the result card shows what it measured beside what it wanted.